What is the main cause of septic shock?

Septic shock is primarily caused by an acute infection, which leads to a systemic inflammatory response that can result in severe drops in blood pressure and multi-organ dysfunction. When an infection occurs, especially with pathogens like bacteria, fungi, or viruses, the body’s immune system responds aggressively. This response can lead to the release of inflammatory mediators that cause blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable, resulting in widespread inflammation.

In severe cases, this inflammatory response overwhelms the body, leading to a drop in blood pressure and decreased blood flow to vital organs. This condition is termed septic shock, a serious complication of sepsis. Recognizing that acute infection is the root cause is essential for timely and effective treatment, which often involves antibiotics and fluid resuscitation to combat the infection and stabilize blood pressure.